The following four components should be at the core of any HRDD process:
1. Identifying and Assessing Human Rights Risks
Identifying and assessing actual or potential adverse conflict and human rights impacts that the organization may cause or contribute to through its own activities, or which may be directly linked to its operations, activities, or projects.
Humanitarian NGOs must recognize the risks that their activities might inadvertently cause to the detriment of the human rights of partner communities. This step involves:
- Mapping risks: Identify potential human rights risks, such as, for example, unintentionally infringing HLP rights or causing environmental harm. This step also includes identifying risks that might infringe upon the ability of humanitarian NGOs to undertake humanitarian relief operations in an impartial manner, based on need, and without adverse distinction.
- Context analysis: Understand the operational environment of Northwest Syria, including the actors involved, the conflict dynamics, and the needs of vulnerable249 groups such as women, children, the elderly, persons with disabilities, and IDPs.
- Analyzing conflict dynamics: Understand how humanitarian activities may affect local power structures, exacerbate tensions, or alter the balance of power among the de facto authorities or community leaders.
- Community engagement: Engage with affected communities to understand their concerns, vulnerabilities, and expectations to ensure no group is overlooked.
2. Integrating Findings and Taking Action
Acting on the findings from risk and impact assessments across relevant functions and organization processes. More specifically, if the organization is causing or at risk of causing adverse impact, it should take steps to cease or prevent it.
If the organization is contributing or at risk of contributing to adverse impact, it should take steps to cease or prevent its contribution and use leverage to mitigate the remaining impact. If the organization has not contributed to the impact, but that impact is actually or potentially directly linked to its operations, it should take steps to gain and use leverage to prevent and mitigate the impact, to the greatest extent possible.
After identifying risks, these insights must be incorporated into the design and implementation of the humanitarian operations. This step involves:
- Developing prevention strategies: Adopt adequate policies, for example on safeguarding and non-discrimination. Implement processes and adjust programmes to prevent or mitigate identified risks.
- Adopting rights-based approaches: Integrate human rights into programme design, ensuring that activities and projects are participatory, inclusive, and respectful of human rights.
- Conflict-sensitive decision-making: Ensure that decision-making at every level integrates an understanding of how humanitarian activities might influence conflict dynamics.
- Internal alignment: Ensure that all team members, from field workers to decision-makers, are aware of the risks and mitigation strategies. This should include training on the new policies adopted as well as on human rights standards.
3. Monitoring and Tracking Impact
Tracking the effectiveness of measures and processes to address adverse conflict and human rights risks or impacts to understand if they are working.
It is essential to monitor the effectiveness of the measures adopted in Stage 2 of the HRDD process to ensure that human rights are effectively safeguarded. This step involves:
- Setting indicators: Develop measurable indicators to track whether human rights are being respected and whether risks are being effectively mitigated.
- Receiving feedback: Maintain open channels of communication with affected communities, regularly gathering feedback on the impact of humanitarian activities.
- Adjusting as needed: Be prepared to modify operations in response to new risks or challenges identified through monitoring.
4. Communicating and Being Accountable
Communicating on how risks or impacts are being addressed and showing stakeholders (in particular, affected stakeholders) that there are adequate policies and processes in place to safeguard human rights in practice.
Transparency and accountability are crucial to ensuring that human rights are respected. Humanitarian NGOs must openly communicate how they are addressing human rights impacts. This step involves:
- Reporting to stakeholders: Share findings with donors, affected populations, and local partners about how risks are being managed.
- Establishing grievance or feedback mechanisms: Ensure that affected populations have accessible ways to raise concerns and grievances about aid operations.
Learning and improving: Use feedback and lessons learned to improve future operations and enhance human rights protection.
249. This term is not intended to endorse or encourage the stigmatization of inherent vulnerability based on gender, religion or faith, race, or any other status. In this tool, vulnerability is understood in its specific context and discussed to highlight the structural and tangible discrimination faced by these groups, which serves as a key factor contributing to the disproportionate impact of human rights violations.